Microquasars I.F. Mirabel Centre d'Etudes de Saclay. France Microquasars are stellar-mass black holes in our own Galaxy that mimic, on a smaller scale, many of the phenomena seen in quasars. Their discovery has opened the way for a new understanding of the connection between accretion of matter onto black holes and the origin of relativistic jets. I will review the open questions and future perspectives in this new field of research.